Evaluating the Impact of Ghana's Labelling Law (LI 1541) on the Compliance Behaviours of Packaging Design Professionals

Abstract

This study tests whether Ghana’s Labelling Law (LI 1541) influences the compliance behaviour of packaging design professionals. A cross-sectional survey of designers in Accra and Kumasi (n = 327) was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SPSS/AMOS). The measurement model met conventional thresholds (CFI = 0.937; SRMR = 0.066; standardised loadings ≥ 0.60; Cronbach’s α/CR ≥ 0.70). Perceived enforcement and requirements under LI 1541 showed a positive, significant association with compliance behaviour (β = 0.782, p = 0.005; R² = 0.509). Only 19.3% of respondents reported prior training on LI 1541, indicating a capability gap that may blunt compliance even when intent exists. We recommend pairing enforcement with targeted training, designer-facing checklists/templates, and clear guidance on mandatory label elements (e.g., ingredient order, nutrition panels, disposal cues), alongside cost-easing measures for SMEs. The paper contributes Ghana-specific, management-oriented evidence on how a national labelling statute translates into practice within design workflows.