Circular Economy Metrics: A Systematic Bibliometric Mapping

Abstract

The circular economy has emerged as a key concept for sustainable development, yet measurement frameworks remain inconsistent. In this bibliometric mapping, we conducted an analysis of 701 publications from Web of Science and Scopus to identify current models for evaluating circularity. Results show a concentration of research in China and Europe, with eleven thematic clusters emerging: waste management, resource efficiency, and lifecycle assessment, among others. Despite increasing attention, significant gaps remain in standardized metrics and comprehensive evaluation tools. This review highlights the need for unified methodologies to effectively assess circular economic performance across sectors and geographies.