Designing a Google Sites-Based Digital Learning Environment for Indonesian Language Education: Evidence of Validity, Practicality, and Effectiveness in Secondary Schools

Abstract

This study examined the creation and assessment of a Google Sites-based digital learning environment for Indonesian language instruction in secondary education. The study examined three fundamental inquiries: the validity, practicality, and efficacy of the designed learning environment in facilitating Indonesian language training. A Research and Development (R&D) methodology was utilized, following the ADDIE paradigm, which encompasses the phases of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The research was carried out at SMA Negeri 5 Parepare and included media specialists, content specialists, an Indonesian language instructor, and tenth-grade students. Data were obtained using expert validation questionnaires, observation forms, student feedback surveys, and assessments of learning outcomes. The data analysis encompassed validity index computations, practicality percentages, descriptive statistics, and N-Gain assessments. The results indicated that the digital learning environment received exceptionally high validity ratings from media experts (93.67%) and content experts (95.33%). The practicality assessment revealed a highly effective implementation, achieving an overall practicality score of 95%, while student engagement was classified as very active at 93%. The effectiveness study revealed significant learning enhancement, with mean scores rising from 62.4 on the pre-test to 86.7 on the post-test, and an N-Gain score of 0.65, signifying moderate-to-high effectiveness. Student feedback was overwhelmingly favorable, with an average acceptance rate of 94%. The findings indicate that Google Sites can function as a legitimate, practical, and efficient digital learning environment that fosters student engagement, autonomous learning, and technology-enhanced language instruction in secondary education.