A Study on the Prevalence of Anemia in Pregnant Women and Its Relationship with Blood Groups in Kunduz City

Abstract

Anemia is a common issue at various stages of women's lives, particularly during pregnancy. This condition refers to a state in which the capacity of transporting oxygen is reduced; this occurs due to a decrease in the number of red blood cells or decrease in level of hemoglobin.T his study aims to determine the prevalence of Anemia in pregnant women and the significance of relationship between blood groups and Anemia. This research is a survey study that examined 727 pregnant women. The studied population includes all pregnant women visiting health centers in Kunduz city. Sampling was conducted randomly, with samples selected randomly from each healthcare center. The pregnant women included in the study are aged between 16 and 48 years. In completing the designated checklist, the patients' characteristics, including age, blood group, hemoglobin level, Rh factor, number of children (both girls and boys), age at marriage, and intervals between breeding are recorded. The data was entered into SPSS 27 software to analyze the prevalence of Anemia and significance of blood groups. The results of this study indicate that the average hemoglobin level in pregnant women is 10.42 grams, with a maximum of 14 grams and a minimum of 4.7 grams. More than 65% of pregnant women in Kunduz province suffer from Anemia. The highest prevalence of Anemia is observed among the Arab and Turkmen ethnic groups. The average age at marriage for the patients is 21 years, and the average interval between breeding is 1.1 years, with a maximum number of children being 8 and a minimum of 1. Additionally, 87.2% of blood groups have a positive Rh factor, while 12.8% are Rh negative. The results indicate that more than half of pregnant women in Kunduz province suffer from Anemia, which in total it makes 65.2%. Furthermore, there is no significant relationship between blood groups and Anemia.